منابع مشابه
Ammonotelic teleosts and urea transporters.
UREA, A SMALL MOLECULE, IS an end product of nitrogen metabolism. In fish, it is mostly used as an osmolyte or excreted as a waste product of ammonia detoxification (22). Marine elasmobranch fish (dogfish, skate, and stingray) keep their plasma osmolality ( 1,050 mosmol/kgH2O) slightly above that of seawater by retaining high concentrations of urea, ranging from 300–600 mM (4). In contrast, tel...
متن کاملGene structure of urea transporters.
Urea plays various roles in the biology of diverse organisms. The past decade has produced new information on the molecular structure of several urea transporters in various species. Availability of DNA probes has revealed that the presence of urea transporters is not confined to the mammalian kidney but is also evident in testis and brain, raising new questions about the possible physiological...
متن کاملRegulation of renal urea transporters.
Urea is important for the conservation of body water due to its role in the production of concentrated urine in the renal inner medulla. Physiologic data demonstrate that urea is transported by facilitated and by active urea transporter proteins. The facilitated urea transporter (UT-A) in the terminal inner medullary collecting duct (IMCD) permits very high rates of transepithelial urea transpo...
متن کاملMammalian Sugar Transporters
Glucose represents the major energy source of mammalian cells. Due to its hydrophilic nature, glucose requires specific transporters in order to cross cellular membranes. Such transport is, in the case of glucose and also other monosaccharides, mediated by energy-coupled as well as facilitative mechanisms represented by protein families of sodium-driven sugar cotransporters (SGLTs) and glucose ...
متن کاملUrea transporters and sweat response to uremia
In humans, urea is excreted in sweat, largely through the eccrine sweat gland. The urea concentration in human sweat is elevated when compared to blood urea nitrogen. The sweat urea nitrogen (UN) of patients with end-stage kidney disease (ESRD) is increased when compared with healthy humans. The ability to produce sweat is maintained in the overwhelming majority of ESRD patients. A comprehensiv...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Experimental Physiology
سال: 2009
ISSN: 0958-0670
DOI: 10.1113/expphysiol.2008.043042